Thursday, June 7, 2012

The world use land


The world use land

The world land

The surface of the earth is approximately 510.072 million sq km. In which the land area is approximately 148.94 million sq km (29.1%) and the water area is approximately 361.132 million sq km (70.9%).
The world area
-Total: 510.072 million sq km (100 %).
-Land: 148.94 million sq km (29.1%).
-Water: 361.132 million sq km (70.9%).
The water area
-Total: 361.132 million sq km (70.9%).
-Pacific Ocean 155.557 million sq km;
-Atlantic Ocean 76.762 million sq km;
-Indian Ocean 68.556 million sq km;
-Southern Ocean 20.327 million sq km;
-Arctic Ocean 14.056 million sq km;…
The land area
-Total: 148.94 million sq km (29.1%).
-Total (not contain water area in land): 148.647 million sq km (100%).
-Asia: 44.579 million sq km (30%).
-Africa: 30.065 million sq km (20.2%).
-North America: 24.474 million sq km (16.5%).
-South America: 17.819 million sq km (12%).
-Antarctica: 13.209 million sq km (8.9%).
-Europe: 9.938 million sq km (6.7%).
-Australia and Oceania: 8.112 million sq km (5.3%).

The world use land

Arable land
In geography and agriculture, arable land (from Latin arō “I plough, I farm”) is land  that can be used for growing crops. It includes all land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted only once), temporary meadows for mowing or market and kitchen gardens and land temporarily fallow (less than five years). Abandoned land resulting from shifting cultivation is not included in this category.
Data for arable land are not meant to indicate the amount of land that is potentially cultivable. As such, it has to be distinguished from agricultural land, which, according to Food and Agriculture Organization's (FAO) definition, additionally includes land under permanent crops as well as permanent pastures. In 2008, the world's total arable land amounted to 13,805,153 km², whereas 48,836,976 km² was classified as "agricultural land." 
Although constrained by land mass and topology, the amount of arable land, both regionally and globally, fluctuates due to human and climatic factors such as irrigation, deforestation, desertification, terracing, landfill, and urban sprawl. Researchers study the impact of these changes on food production.
The most productive portion of arable land is that from sediments left by rivers and the sea in geological times. In modern times, rivers do not generally flood as often in areas employing flood control.
Agriculture land
Agricultural land refers to the share of land area that is arable, under permanent crops, and under permanent pastures. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded. Land under permanent crops is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines, but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber. Permanent pasture is land used for five or more years for forage, including natural and cultivated crops.
The following table shows the land use in the world:

The features
Year
Quantity
Unit
Total area
2011
136 096 598
km2
   Density of population
2011
50.9
persons per km2
   Total area per 1000 population
2011
19.6
km2 per 1000 population
Land area
2011
130 121 447
km2
   Land area per 1000 population
2011
18.8
km2 per 1000 population
   Land area (%)
2011
95.6
% of total area
Water surface
2011
5 975 151
km2
   Water surface per 1000 population
2011
0.9
km2 per 1000 population
   Water surface (%)
2011
4.4
% of total area
Agricultural land
2007
49 322 388
km2
   Agricultural land per 1000 population
2007
7.1
km2 per 1000 population
   Agricultural land (%)
2007
36.2
% of total area
   Agricultural land (%)
2007
37.9
% of land area
Arable land
2007
14 121 800
km2
   Arable land per 1000 population
2007
2.0
km2 per 1000 population
   Arable land (%)
2007
10.4
% of total area
   Arable land (%)
2007
10.9
% of land area
   Arable land (%)
2007
28.6
% of agricultural area
Permanent crops
2007
1 426 704
km2
   Permanent crops per 1000 population
2007
0.2
km2 per 1000 population
   Permanent crops (%)
2007
1.0
% of total area
   Permanent crops (%)
2007
1.1
% of land area
   Permanent crops (%)
2007
2.9
% of agricultural area
Permanent meadows and pastures
2007
33 773 884
km2
   Permanent meadows and pastures per 1000 population
2007
4.9
km2 per 1000 population
   Permanent meadows and pastures (%)
2007
24.8
% of total area
   Permanent meadows and pastures (%)
2007
26.0
% of land area
   Permanent meadows and pastures (%)
2007
68.5
% of agricultural area
Forest area
2007
39 394 070
km2
   Forest area per 1000 population
2007
5.7
km2 per 1000 population
   Forest area (%)
2007
28.9
% of total area
   Forest area (%)
2007
30.3
% of land area
Other land
2007
41 404 989
km2
   Other land per 1000 population
2007
6.0
km2 per 1000 population
   Other land (%)
2007
30.4
% of total area
   Other land (%)
2007
31.8
% of land area
The fact of the world productive land
The world's productive land is a constantly changing resource. Climatic variations, natural disasters, and human intervention are ceaselessly at work changing the boundaries of productive land - arable land, pasture land, and forest.
Arable land covers 3% of the world's surface. Despite the fact that this land is continually being lost to urbanization, the total area under cultivation is rising because of deforestation. Demand for agricultural land continues to increase in line with population growth, resulting in the clearing of marginal land, such as hillsides. The exploitation of marginal land is partly responsible for the erosion of the fertile soil layer, increased drought, the loss of essential soil nutrients, and salt contamination -all reasons for abandoning the land.
Land used for pasture occupies twice the area of land now under the plow. Although livestock raising produces less protein per hectare than grain, especially in developing countries, it enables farmers to take advantage of marginal land that is less suitable for growing grain.
The loss of productive land can be attributed largely to the destruction of forests. The cultivation of land once forested, however, has not stopped the steady decrease in arable land or pasture land.
Finally, the land that produces our food, provides us with firewood and construction lumber, purifies the atmosphere, maintains precipitation levels, and slows down erosion is continually decreasing. It is estimated that one hectare of productive land is lost every 7.67 seconds.
References

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